Analysis of external dependence in Malawi: From dustbins to development

By Burnett Munthali

Malawi’s reliance on external aid and donations extends beyond major infrastructure projects to even the most basic necessities, such as dustbins. This phenomenon underscores a broader issue of dependence on foreign assistance for various aspects of development and daily life.

It is noteworthy how deeply ingrained the culture of dependency on external support has become in Malawi. The reliance on foreign countries for essential items like dustbins highlights a systemic issue where even basic infrastructure needs are met through donations rather than domestic production or government procurement. This dependence reflects a broader pattern where external aid often fills gaps that should ideally be addressed by local resources and initiatives.


The sight of donated dustbins in places like Mchesi slum and other areas in Lilongwe can be seen as a symbol of a larger problem. It is a reflection of a national challenge where basic services and amenities are often sourced from outside rather than through domestic means. This reliance can be perceived as a failure to develop self-sufficiency and an indication that local systems are not sufficiently robust to manage even fundamental needs.

There is a call for Malawians to engage in critical thinking about the country’s approach to development and aid. The focus should shift from reliance on external donations to fostering self-reliance and building local capacity. This involves not only improving domestic production and procurement systems but also encouraging innovative solutions and local entrepreneurship.

To address these issues, Malawi needs to strengthen its institutional frameworks and create environments that support local businesses and production. Investing in local industries, enhancing government efficiency, and developing sustainable infrastructure can reduce dependence on foreign aid. Additionally, fostering a culture of self-sufficiency and critical thinking among the populace will help in building a more resilient and independent nation.

In summary, while donations and external aid play a significant role in supporting Malawi, the focus must shift towards building local capacity and reducing dependency. By fostering self-reliance and improving local infrastructure, Malawi can move towards a more sustainable and independent future.